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Antihypertensives are medications specifically designed to manage high blood pressure (hypertension). These drugs work through various mechanisms to relax blood vessels, reduce heart rate, or decrease blood volume, ultimately leading to a lowering of blood pressure. Common classes of antihypertensives include beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers, and diuretics.

The other choices focus on different health concerns. Insulin is primarily used to regulate blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and have no effect on blood pressure. Anticoagulants help prevent blood clots and are used in conditions where there is a risk of clot formation, but they do not directly address high blood pressure. Thus, antihypertensives remain the essential medication class for treating high blood pressure effectively.